JACOB JR. MY JEWISH WORLD. JEWISH MONUMENTS. BIALYSTOK - POLAND.

Monday, Tishrei 17, 5781. October 5, 2020. 

Shalom! World.

 Wielka Synagoga, 1922. Suraska Ulica.  Bialystok - Poland.

Jewish settlement in Podlasie appearedin the fifteenth century. It was 1522 when Tykocin's Duke Albert Gasztold brought to Tykocin nine Jewish families who founded the Kahaland the cemetery. Since that time Tykocin had become the center of the Jewish community and the largest jewish community in Podlasie. 

However, the first mention of the Jews living in Bialystok estates dates back to 1658. In Bialystok the privilege De non tolerandis Judaeis did not apply. Also, a city having fiscal privileges was an encouraging place for settlement. 

The Jews were given by the Bialystok pastor a lease of land for a construction of a Synagogue. It was located on Boznicza (now Suraski) Street and was funded in party by Hetman Branicki's wife. The brick building was built between 1711-1718 on a rectangular plan, to which the adjacent annex was built in the late eighteenth century. 

In 1807 Bialystok became part of the Russian Empie as so called Belostok Oblast. Restrictive Tsarist's laws designated area of settlement in the territory of the former Poland, which resulted in a rapid increase in the number of Jews in Bialystok. At that time, in the city there were already nine Synagogues and houses of prayer. Population growth had slowed down in the 1930s because of the epidemic of cholera. 

Plac Mordechaja Tenenbauma. Bialystok - Poland.

On 14th to 16th June,1906 there was a pogrom against the Jews in Bialystok, which ended in killing 82 Jews. In scientific publications, however, reappears an opinion that the pogrom was provoked by the Russian authorities, as it was the case in Chisinau (1903), Odessa and Jekaterynoslaw. 

Former Synagoga. W. Latach 1890 - 1941.

Cmentarz Zydovwski - Rabinacki. Bialystok - Poland.

Cultural Support: Jacob Jr. Benleumi, Advisor, Consulting and Education. International Relations Analyst.